The atomic theory which was discovered by Maharshi Kanada 2600 years ago.
Kanāda was an ancient Indian natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy, which is also considered to be the origin of Indian physics. His name "Kanāda" means "atom eater" as he is known for developing the founda tions of an atomistic approach to physics.
Kanada's school of thought explains the creation and existence of the universe through an atomistic theory based on logic and realism, and it is one of the earliest known systematic realist ontologies in human history.
Kanāda situates his work within a broader moral framework by defining Dharma as something which promotes material progress and the highest good.
He proposed that there are nine constituents of reali ties: four classes of atoms (earth, water, light, and air), space (akasha), time (kla), direction (disha), an infinite number of souls (Atman), mind, and consciousness (manas).
Rishi Kanada was one of first rishis to introduce gravity
आत्मकर्म हस्तसंयोगाश्च संयोगभावे गुरुत्वात्पतनम। नोदनाद्यभिषोः कर्मतत्कर्मकारिताच्च संस्कारादुत्तरंतथोत्तरमुत्तरं च । संस्काराभावे गुरुत्वात्पतनम अपां संयोगाभावे गुरुत्वात्पतनम द्रवश्वास्यन्दनम्
Action of body and it's members is also from conjunction with the hand.In the absence of conjunction falling results from Gravity. The first action of arrow is from impulse; the next is resultant energy produced by the first action, and similarly the next next.In the absence of resultant/propulsive energy generated by action, falling results from Gravity. The falling of water in absence of conjunction is due to Gravity Flowing results from fludity[Vaisheshika 5.chp1]
Laws of motion by Rishi kanand
वेगः निमित्तविशेषात कर्मणो जायते । Change of motion is due to impressed force.
वेगः निमित्तापेक्षात कर्मणो जायते नियतदिक क्रियाप्रबन्धहेतु
Change of motion is proportional to the impressed force and is in the direction of the force.
वेगः संयोगविशेषविरोधी
Action and reaction are equal and opposite.
The ideas of Kanada included a wide range of fields, and they influenced not only philosophy, but possibly scholars in other fields such as Charaka who wrote a medical text that has survived as Charaka Samhita.
Kanāda was among the sages of India who believed in man's potential to understand existence and reach moksha on his own.
The true being is eternal, having no cause its indicator is its effect. The presence of the effect arises from the presence of its cause"
- Vaisheshika Sutras 41-3
The Vaisheshika-sutras written by Kanada are divided into 10 chapters, each with two sections. This is followed by an enu meration of the categories of being recognized in the system: substance, quality (guna), action, universality, particularity, and inherence (samavaya).
Kanada argued for qualities (guna) and motions (karma), there are seventeen fundamental characteristics which range from things like taste, touch and smell, to pleasure and pain, to size and number while the five kinds of motion include up, down, contracting, expanding and going.
His Vaisheshika philosophy appears with alternate names, such as "Aulukya philosophy" derived from the nickname Uluka (literally owl, or grain eater in the night).
the atomic theory given by Kannad are as follows;
1.He called atom as Parmanu and said that an atom can have two States, a state of absolute rest and state of motion
2.Parmanu combine with each other to form a molecule
3.Parmanu is not visible to the naked eye
4.Parmanu who is indestructible and that is eternal
5.It cannot be further divided and thus is indivisible
6.Anything that subdivides results in the creation of atoms or Parmanu after sometime, these Parmanu are the smallest things existing.
7.The basis for all the material science is Parmanu or atom.
1.He called atom as Parmanu and said that an atom can have two States, a state of absolute rest and state of motion
2.Parmanu combine with each other to form a molecule
3.Parmanu is not visible to the naked eye
4.Parmanu who is indestructible and that is eternal
5.It cannot be further divided and thus is indivisible
6.Anything that subdivides results in the creation of atoms or Parmanu after sometime, these Parmanu are the smallest things existing.
7.The basis for all the material science is Parmanu or atom.
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