This "knowledge-chest" is a gift to world from the great seers of yore like Bharadwaj, Atreya, Agnikaya, Charaka, Dhanvantari, Susruta and many others. In fact, it is an eternal gift of India to the world.
In Rigveda the verses (1.116.14 & 15), mention that, a woman warrior called "Vishpala" the queen of king Khela.
had been fitted with an artificial Iron leg by the Asvini physicians, when she lost her leg in a war. These physicians were adored for eye transplantation in the next verse.
Indians pioneered surgery ages ago, Suśruta (500B,C) was the World's earliest Surgeon.
He learnt the skills of surgery from Dhanvantari (considered to be God Visnu) and wrote a treatise on surgery and Ayurveda called "Susruta Samhita" which had stood the test of time and is even now being followed.
In his text he had divided the methods of surgery into eight parts:
1. Chedya-cutting
2. Lekbya separating
3. Vidhya-removing the toxic objects from the body.
4. Ishya-probing the blood capillaries for finding the cause of disease.
5. Abarya kriya-eliminating the production of harmful elements in the body.
6. Visradarya-removing water from the body
7. Cira-suturing
8. Bedbya kriya-making holes and performing surgery
We find the mention of advanced level of surgery. the plastic surgery mostly Rhenoplastary in Susruta Samhita.
There are many references about Caesarean operations. Indians not only performed sur geries, but also studied the human Anatomy by dissecting dead bodies.
In Susruta Samhita, we find many methods of preserving dead bodies for dissection. Susruta had mentioned about 125 surgical instruments in his treatise.
In Bhoja Prabandha (927AD), it had been mentioned that king Bhoja had undergone a surgical treat ment, for getting a tumor removed from the brain.
The King had been administered Anesthesia called "Sammohini" while the surgery was being performed.
Ayurvedic knowledge adopts surgery as a last measure treatment, but it focuses mostly on prevention than cure Today, Western world had understood its potentiality and has become crazy after Ayurvedic technique's.
Madhava's "Nidana Sastra" contains diagnosis of various diseases by observing human gestures and smells that emitted from the body.
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