"Mothera Surya Mandir" 1026 AD in Gujarat

"Mothera Surya Mandir" was built in 1026 AD during King Bhimdev Solanki time

13th Century Konark Sun Temple

Golden Himalaya

Himalayan golden peaks occur only 10 min. A day. Photo of  Kedarnath Temple

Ancient Vedic Cycle Of Time.

Light travels at 432 x 432 miles per second. There are 4,320° degrees in the game of craps. 43,200 seconds on the face of a clock. 432,000 miles across the radius of the Sun. And 4,320,000 years in the mayayuga or 'mahayuga', an ancient Vedic cycle of time.

In the 1950's concert pitch was changed "Despite over 40,000 petitions from musicians to have international concert pitch at A=432Hz, concert pitch was changed to A=440Hz in October of 1953 by the International Standards Organization (ISO)."

5th Century Cave Udaygiri , Madhya Pradesh

 

Udaygiri in the modern state of Madhya Pradesh there are about twenty rock cut caves dating to the Gupta period. Most are just niches however some form columned temples. Cave five is a rock-cut cave from the early 5th Century. This large-scale sculpture depicts the of Vishnu as Varaha, the Boar, rescuing the goddess Bhudevi, which represents the earth. The rows of figures at the back are sages and divinities and two male musicians. On the sides of the panels there are images of the river goddesses Ganga and Yamuna with figures of attendants.

Chola Dynasty Speculation , Aaround 600-900 CE.

 

Women dancing, Chola dynasty period, south India, around 600-900 CE. Bronze. They appear to be merged at the hips; don't see a second pair of legs. Speculation is that it might be conjoined sisters performing

Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple, Hampi, Karnataka.

Glorious Kailash Shikar of Ellora Caves, Baharat !

Dhakeshwari Temple, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dhakeshwari National Temple (Bengali: ঢাকেশ্বরীজাতীয়মন্দির Ðhakeshshori Jatio Mondir) is a famous Hindu temple in Dhaka, Bangladesh and is state-owned, giving it the distinction of Bangladesh's "National Temple". The name "Dhakeshwari" (ঢাকেশ্বরী Ðhakeshshori) means "Goddess of Dhaka".

The temple is located southwest of the Salimullah Hall of Dhaka University. Since the destruction of Ramna Kali Mandir in 1971 by the Pakistan Army during the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Dhakeshwari Temple has assumed status as the most important Hindu place of worship in Bangladesh.

The Dhakeshwari temple was built in the 12th century by Ballal Sen, a king of the Sena dynasty, and many say the name of the city was coined after this temple. The current style of architecture of the temple cannot be dated to that period because of numerous repairs, renovations and rebuilding in its long years of existence and its present condition does not clearly show any of its original architectural characteristics. It is considered an essential part of Dhaka's cultural heritage.

Many researchers say that the temple is also one of the Shakti Peethas, where the jewel from the crown of the Goddess had fallen. Researchers were directed to this site while trying to locate the particular Shakti Peetha. Since ages, the temple has been held in great importance. The original 800-year old statue was destroyed during the War of 1971.

Kashi Viswanath Temple

 

 Gyanvapi mosque is located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was constructed by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb after he demolished the original Kashi Vishwanath temple at the site.One can clearly notice the old hindu temple wall mixed into mosque.There is a small well in the temple called the Jnana Vapi also spelled as Gyaan vapi (the wisdom well). The Jnana Vapi well sites to the north of the main temple and it is believed that the Jyotirlinga was hidden in the well to protect it at the time of invasion. It is said that the main priest of the temple jumped in the well with the Siva Linga in order to protect it from invaders.
 

 

Gyanvapi Well

This mosque was built by Aurangzeb in 1669 CE, after destroying the Kasi Viswanath temple located on the site.The mosque is named after Gyanvapi (“the well of knowledge”), which is situated between the temple and the mosque.

Kasi Viswanath temple existed since many thousands of years and has been reconstructed every few hundreds of years.The temple structure that existed prior to the construction of the mosque was built by Raja Man Singh during Akbar’s reign.The temple’s demolition was intended as a warning to the anti-Mughal factions and Hindu religious leaders in the city after few helped Maratha King Sivaji to escape from Agra.
 

Maratha ruler Malhar Rao Holkar (1693-1766) wanted to demolish the mosque and reconstruct Vishweshwar temple at the site.However, he never actually did that. Later, in 1780, his daughter-in-law Ahilyabai Holkar constructed the present Kasi Viswanath Temple adjacent to the mosque.

The original Kasi temple is mentioned in Siva, Skanda puranas and original Viswanath temple was destroyed by the army of Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1194 CE, when he defeated the Raja of Kannauj as a commander of Mohammad Ghori.It temple was rebuilt by a Gujarati merchant during the reign of Shamsuddin Iltumish (1211-1266 CE).It was demolished again during the rule of either Hussain Shah Sharqi (1447-1458) or Sikandar Lodhi (1489-1517).Raja Man Singh built the temple during Akbar’s rule, but orthodox Hindus boycotted it as he had let the Mughal emperors marry within his family. Raja Todar Mal further re-built the temple with Akbar’s funding at its original site in 1585.

Even after Aurangazeb demolishing the original temple and constructing a mosque over it, the remains of the erstwhile temple can be seen in the foundation, the columns and at the rear part of the mosque.

During 1833-1840 CE, the boundary of Gyanvapi Well, the ghats and other nearby temples were constructed

Vishnu Avatars Represents Evolution Of Life

 How life was first created and evolved.

1. Matasya Avatar - The first incarnation or avatar of Lord Vishnu was in the form of a fish and is known as ‘Matsya Avatar.’ It has now been confirmed by Science through various experiments that the first life forms evolved underwater.

2. Kurma - The second incarnation of Lord Vishnu was in the form of a tortoise known as ‘Kurma Avatar.’ Tortoise is an amphibious creature capable of living both on land and in water and it indicates the moving of life form from underwater to surface of Earth.

3. Varaha - The third incarnation of Lord Vishnu is the boar known as ‘Varaha Avatar’. Boar is a complete land animal and in this incarnation, life form has moved out of water and has adapted to land.

4. Narasimha - The fourth incarnation of Lord Vishnu is the half-man half-animal form known as ‘Narasimha Avatar.’ This incarnation starts the transformation from animal to human form.

5. Vaman - The fifth incarnation of Lord Vishnu is the dwarf or pigmy sized human being known as the ‘Vamana avatar.’ A transition from the beastly form to human form and the development of intelligence.

6. Parsuram - The sixth incarnation of Lord Vishnu is the forest dweller known as ‘Parasuram.’ He has developed weapons and axe is his first weapon. Any sharp stone can be transformed into an axe and it also indicates the first settlement of humans in forests.

7. Ram - The seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu is Lord Ram. He civilized and has developed more superior weapons like the bow and arrows. He has cleared the forests and developed small communities or villages. He is very vigilant and protects his villages and people.

8. Balram - The eight incarnation of Lord Vishnu is Lord Balarama. He is portrayed with the plough – the beginning of full-fledged cultivation. Human civilization has developed agriculture and is no longer depended forest for food. The beginning of agrarian economy.

9. Krishna - The ninth incarnation of Lord Vishnu is Krishna. He represents the advancing human civilization. He is associated with cows, the beginning of domestication of animals and development of economy, which continues to the present day.

10. Kalki - The tenth incarnation of Lord Vishnu is Kalki and is yet to arrive. He is believed to ride on a swift horse Devadatha and destroy the world. A clear indication that human beings will bring an end to life on earth. The numerous natural calamities created by human beings and the numerous nuclear weapons stored illustrates this

Did YOU Know Lord SHIVA'S Height ?

Hindu Temples in Pakistan

Baluchisthan

• Hinglaj, Hingol National Park

Islamabad Capital Territory

• Saidpur Temple, Saidpur, Islamabad Pakistan

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

• Shiva Temple at Shewa village, Tehsil Razar, District Swabi. It has been ruined,             however its foundations stones are still visible.

           Araya Temple, Nawanshehr area, Abbottabad (ruined)

• Shiva Temple and Dusehra House (old)- Abbottabad (ruined/half demolished)
• Krishna Temple (old)--Abbottabad (destroyed/building no longer exists)
• Shiva Temple (ancient)- Mansehra, Chitti Gatti/Gandhian location (in use)

       A Shiva Temple (former, now a public library)-- Mansehra town (no longer a temple)

• Bareri Mata/Durga Temple and Shrine, on Bareri hill--Mansehra (destroyed/no               longer in regular use,location sometimes visited by pilgrims and tourists)
• Krishna Temple, Haripur (destroyed)* Nandi Mandir - Peshawar
• Balmiki (Valmiki) Mandir - Peshawar
• Shiv Mandir - Nowshera
• Laxmi Narain Mandir - Mardan
• Kali Mandir - Dera Ismail Khan (being used as a hotel)

Punjab

• Aditya Sun temple - Multan
• Jagannath Temple - Sialkot
• Katasraj temple, Katas Village - Chakwal
• Krishna Temple, Ravi Road, Lahore
• Old Temple - Sialkot (not used)
• Sri Narasimha Temple - Multan
• Suraj Kund Temple - Multan
• Prahladpuri Temple, Multan
• Tilla Jogian temple, Punjab
• Valmiki Mandir, Lahore

Sindh

• Samadha Ashram, Shikarpur, Sukkur
• Shankaranand Bharti, Shikarpur, Sukkur
• Khat Wari Darbar, Shikarpur, Sukkur
• Sadh Belo, Rohri
• Wasan Shah Darbar, Rohri
• Baba Garib Das Darbar, Gospur, Kandhkot
• Jhulay Lal Mandir, Bagarji, Sukkur
• GURU Nanik DASS Mandir, Shahdad Kot
• Baba Khat wala shahib Mandir, Shahdadkot
• Shiv Mandir, Shahdadkot
• Baba Hiradaram Mandir, Shahdadkot
• Bhagnari Shiv Mandir, Kakri Ground - Karachi
• Darya Lal Sankat Mochan Mandir (also called Jhoolay Lal Mandir), Custom House - Karachi
• Devi Mandir, Bombay Bazar - Karachi
• Hanuman Mandir, Doli Khata - Karachi
• Hanuman Mandir, Frere Road - Karachi
• Hinglaj Mata Mandir, (also called Jagannath Akhra Mandir), Bhimpura - Karachi
• Kali Mata Temple - Umerkot
• Shiv Mandir - Umerkot
• Krishna Mandir - Umerkot
• Shri Laxmi Narayan Mandir, Native Jetty - Karachi
• Manhar Mandir Kathwari Mandir, Rancho Line - Karachi
• Mata Mandir, Doli Khata - Karachi
• Malir Mandir, Shah Faisal Colony - Karachi
• Narsingh Mahadev Mandir, Risala - Karachi
• Panch Mukhi Hanuman Mandir, Soldier Bazar - Karachi
• Pamwal Das Shiv Mandir, Baghdadi, Saddar - Karachi
• Mari Mata Mandir Rattan Tallow Akbar Road, Saddar, - Karachi
• Shri Ratneshwar Mahadev Mandir, Clifton - Karachi
• Ramchandra Mandir, Saddar - Karachi
• Ramswamy Mandir, Ramswamy - Karachi
• Sheetala Mata Mandir, Bhimpura, Karachi
• Shiv Mandir, Islamia College, Karachi
• Shri Laxmi Narayan Hanuman Mandir, Native Jetty - Karachi
• Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road - Karachi
• Shri Devi Mata Mander Chelhar Distt: Mithi Thar
• Shri Murli Mander chelhar Distt: Mithi Thar
• Shri Ramapi mander chelhar Distt: Mithi Thar
• Shiv mander chelhar distt: Mithi thar
• Kathwari Harijan MANHAR MANDIR
• Shri Punch Mukhi Hanuman Mandir, Garden East - Karachi
• Shri Varun Dev Mandir, Manora, Karachi, Pakistan
• Krishna Mandar kantio Tharparkar
• Shri Hanuman Mandir, JPMC Karachi
• Shri Mari Amman (Mata)Temple, JPMC F/Type Karachi
• Shri Mari Maata Mandir, Korangi Karachi
• Shri Murlidhar Mandir, Mithi Tharparker
• Shri Krishna Mandar, Mithi, Tharparker
• Shri Hanuman Mander, Mithi, Tharparkar
• Shri Pir Pithoro Mander, Mithi, Tharparkar
• Shri Ramapir Mander, Mithi, Tharparkar
• Shantoshi Maa Mander, Mithi, Tharparkar
• Shiv Parvati Mander, Mithi, Tharparkar
• Lokesh Mander Mithi Tharparkar
• Guri Mandir, Guri, TharParkar
• Shri Ramapir / Shri Hanuman Mandir - Cantt, Karachi
• Shri Shyam Dam Mandir

Anarkali Hindu Temple

Gorakhnath Temple in Peshawar, Pakistan.

 
Hindus at the historic temple was recently reopened after six decades on the orders of the Peshawar High Court. (November, 2011)

Chiniot Temple Pakistan

The derserted mandir stands obscure amongst clusters of houses and flows of people who do not come inside to worship the gods that it is devoted to.

Nobodys knows much about it. The only information I read online indicates that it may be built at the order of Maharaja Gulab Singh, a powerful Keshmiri king who expanded his rule into Chiniot after the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War. It now houses a school.

Punch Mukhi Hanuman Temple in Karachi Sindh Pakistan

Story - " Burnt Roti "

Ex Indian President Dr. Abdul Kalam Says:
 

"When I was a kid, my Mom cooked food for us.
 

One night in particular when she had made dinner after a long hard day's work, Mom placed a plate of 'subzi' and extremely burnt roti in front of my Dad.

I was waiting to see if anyone noticed the burnt roti. But Dad just ate his roti and asked me how was my day at school.

I don't remember what I told him that night, but I do remember I heard Mom apologizing to Dad for the burnt roti.

And I'll never forget what he said: "Honey, I love burnt roti." Later that night, I went to kiss Daddy, good night & I asked him if he really liked his roti burnt. He wrapped me in his arms & said:
 
"Your momma put in a long hard day at work today and she was really tired. And besides... A burnt roti never hurts anyone but HARSH WORDS DO!"

Blood Shedding in Kashmir

A Kashmiri Separatist, a MSM News Reporter and a tough Para-Commando were captured by terrorists in Kashmir.
The Chief of the terrorists told them he'd grant each of them
one last request before they were beheaded in front of a Camera.

The Kashmiri Separatist said,'Well, before I die I want to drink a last cup of Kahwah (Kashmiri Green-Tea).'
The Chief nodded to an underling who left and returned with the Kahwa. The Kashmiri Separatist drank it all and said, 'Now I can die content.'
Now the Chief turned towards the News-reporter and repeated the same question - "What is your last wish before you die?"
The News-reporter said - "I'm a reporter to the end. I want to take out my Camcorder and describe the scene here and what's about to happen.
Maybe, someday, someone will watch it and know the Truth.
The Chief directed an aide to hand over the Camcorder and the reporter dictated her comments.
She then said, "Now I can die happy.."
The Chief turned to the Commando and asked - "And now, Army Dog, what is your final wish?"
'Punch me hard,' said the Para-Commando.
"What?" - asked the Chief, surprised a bit- " You dare to mock us? "
"No, I'm NOT kidding. I want you to punch me as hard as you can' insisted the Para-Commando.
"With pleasure" - replied the Terrorists' Chief, grinning from face to face.
The Terrorists' Chief then punches the Commando so hard that he falls back a couple of feet on his back.
But as the Commando touches the ground, he rolls over, pulls a 9 mm Silenced pistol hidden in his boots and shoots the Chief dead.
In the resulting confusion, he emptied his Pistol on six terrorists, then with his knife he slashed the throat of one, and with an AK-47, which he took from one of the already dead terrorists, sprayed the rest of the terrorists killing the remainder.
In a flash, all of the Terrorists including their Chief, were dead.
As the soldier was untying the Kashmiri Separatist and the reporter, they asked him - 'Why didn't you just shoot them all in the first place? Why did you ask him to punch him?
'Because' replied the soldier, 'if I had fired the First Shot, you two would have reported that I was the aggressor and the root cause of all the blood shedding in Kashmir !!'

                                                                                                        General V.K. Singh

THE VIMANAS -The Indian Flying Machines

Ancient Indian flying vehicles comes from ancient Indian sources, many are the well known ancient Indian Epics, and there are literally hundreds of them. Most of them have not even been translated into English yet from the old sanskrit.

 It is claimed that a few years ago, the Chinese discovered some sanskrit documents in Lhasa, Tibet and sent them to the University of Chandrigarh to be translated. Dr. Ruth Reyna of the University said recently that the documents contain directions for building interstellar spaceships! 

 

Their method of propulsion, she said, was "anti-gravitational" and was based upon a system analogous to that of "laghima," the unknown power of the ego existing in man's physiological makeup, "a centrifugal force strong enough to counteract all gravitational pull."

According to Hindu Yogis, it is this "laghima" which enables a person to levitate. Dr. Reyna said that on board these machines, which were called "Astras" by the text, the ancient Indians could have sent a detachment of men onto any planet, according to the document, which is thought to be thousands of years old. The manuscripts were also said to reveal the secret of "antima"; "the cap of invisibility" and "garima"; "how to become as heavy as a mountain of lead."

19th Century Flying references

Shivkar Bapuji Talpade born in 1864, was a Sanskrit scholar. His birth place is Chirabazar at Dukkarwadi in Bombay. From his young age was attracted by the Vaimanika Sastra (Aeronautical Science) expounded by the great Indian sage Maharishi Bhardwaja.

One western scholar of Indology Stephen-Knapp has tried to explain what Talpade did. According to Knapp, the Vaimanika Shastra describes in detail, the construction of what is called, the mercury vortex engine the forerunner of the ion engines being made today.

Shivkur Bapuji Talpade's unmanned aircraft flew to a height of 1500 feet before crashing down and the historian. Knapp adds that additional information on the mercury engines can be found in the ancient Vedic text called Samaranga Sutradhara. This text also devotes 230 verses, to the use of these machines in peace and war.

The Indologist William Clarendon, who has written down a detailed description of the mercury vortex engine in his translation of Samaranga Sutradhara quotes thus ‘Inside the circular air frame, place the mercury-engine with its solar mercury boiler at the aircraft center. By means of the power latent in the heated mercury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in a most marvelous manner.

Four strong mercury containers must be built into the interior structure. When these have been heated by fire through solar or other sources the vimana (aircraft) develops thunder-power through the mercury. It is also added that this success of an Indian scientist was not liked by the Imperial rulers. Warned by the British Government the Maharaja of Baroda stopped helping Talpade. His efforts to make known the greatness of Vedic Shastras was recognised by Indian scholars, who gave him the title of Vidya Prakash Pra-deep.

Anti-Gravity Studies

The Indian Emperor Ashoka started a "Secret Society of the Nine Unknown Men": great Indian scientists who were supposed to catalogue the many sciences. Ashoka kept their work secret because he was afraid that the advanced science catalogued by these men, culled from ancient Indian sources, would be used for the evil purpose of war, which Ashoka was strongly against, having been converted to Buddhism after defeating a rival army in a bloody battle. The "Nine Unknown Men" wrote a total of nine books, presumably one each.

Book number was "The Secrets of Gravitation!" This book, known to historians, but not actually seen by them dealt chiefly with "gravity control." It is presumably still around somewhere, kept in a secret library in India, Tibet or elsewhere (perhaps even in North America somewhere). One can certainly undertand Ashoka's reasoning for wanting to keep such knowledge a secret, assuming it exists. if the Nazis had such weapons at their disposal during World War II. Ashoka was also aware devastating wars using such advanced vehicles and other "futuristic weapons" that had destoryed the ancient Indian "Rama Empire" several thousand years before.

According to ancient Indian texts, the people had flying machines which were called "Vimanas." The ancient Indian epic describes a Vimana as a double-deck, circular aircraft with portholes and a dome, much as we would imagine a flying saucer. It flew with the "speed of the wind" and gave forth a "melodious sound." There were at least four different types of Vimanas; some saucer shaped, others like long cylinders ("cigar shaped airships").

In 1875, the Vaimanika Sastra, a fourth century B.C. text written by Bharadvajy the Wise, using even older texts as his source, was rediscovered in a temple in India. It dealt with the operation of Vimanas and included information on the steering, precautions for long flights, protection of the airships from storms and lightening and how to switch the drive to "solar energy" from a free energy source which sounds like "anti-gravity."

The Vaimanika Sastra (or Vymaanika-Shaastra) has eight chapters with diagrams, describing three types of aircraft, including apparatuses that could neither catch on fire nor break. It also mentions 31 essential parts of these vehicles and 16 materials from which they are constructed, which absorb light and heat; for which reason they were considered suitable for the construction of Vimanas.
  

This document has been translated into English and is available by writing the publisher: VYMAANIDASHAASTRA AERONAUTICS by Maharishi Bharadwaaja, translated into English and edited, printed and published by Mr. G. R. Josyer, Mysore, India, 1979. Mr. Josyer is the director of the International Academy of Sanskrit Investigation located in Mysore. There seems to be no doubt that Vimanas were powered by some sort of "anti-gravity." Vimanas took off vertically, and were .

Vimanas were kept in a Vimana Griha, a kind of hanger, and were sometimes said to be propelled by a yellowish-white liquid, and sometimes by some sort of mercury compound, though writers seem confused in this matter. It is most likely that the later writers on Vimanas, wrote as observers and from earlier texts, and were understandably confused on the princible of their propulsion. The "yellowishwhite liquid" sounds suspiciously like gasoline, and perhaps Vimanas had a number of different propulsion sources, including combustion engines and even "pulse-jet" engines.

It is interesting to note that when Alexander the Great invaded India more than two thousand years ago, his historians chronicled that at one point they were attacked by "flying, fiery shields" that dove at his army and frightened the cavalry. These "flying saucers" did not use any atomic bombs or beam weapons on Alexander's army however, perhaps out of benevolence, and Alexander went on to conquer India.

It is interesting to note, that the Nazis developed the first practical pulse-jet engines for their V-8 rocket "buzz bombs." Hitler and the Nazi staff were exceptionally interested in ancient India and Tibet and sent expeditions to both these places yearly, starting in the 30's, in order to gather esoteric evidence that they did so, and perhaps it was from these people that the Nazis gained some of their scientific information! According to the Dronaparva, part of the Mahabarata, and the Ramayana, one Vimana described was shaped like a sphere and born along at great speed on a mighty wind generated by mercury.

It moved like a UFO, going up, down, backwards and forewards as the pilot desired. In another Indian source, the Samar, Vimanas were "iron machines, well-knit and smooth, with a charge of mercury that shot out of the back in the form of a roaring flame." Another work called the Samaranganasutradhara describes how the vehicles were constructed. It is possible that mercury did have something to do with the propulsion, or more possibly, with the guidance system. Curiously, Soviet scientists have discovered what they call "age-old instruments used in navigating cosmic vehicles" in caves in Turkestan and the Gobi Desert.

The "devices" are hemispherical objects of glass or porcelain, ending in a cone with a drop of mercury inside. It is evident that ancient Indians flew around in these vehicles, all over Asia, to Atlantis presumably; and even, apparently, to South America. Writing found at Mohenjodaro in Pakistan (presumed to be one of the "Seven Rishi Cities of the Rama Empire") and still undeciphered, has also been found in one other place in the world: Easter Island! Writing on Easter Island, called Rongo-Rongo writing, is also undeciphered, and is uncannily similar to the Mohenjodaro script.

In the Mahavira of Bhavabhuti, a Jain text of the eighth century culled from older texts and traditions, we read: "An aerial chariot, the Pushpaka, conveys many people to the capital of Ayodhya. The sky is full of stupendous flying-machines, dark as night, but picked out by lights with a yellowish glare-"

The Vedas, ancient Hindu poems, thought to be the oldest of all the Indian texts, describe Vimanas of various shapes and sizes: the "ahnihotra-vimana" with two engines, the "elephant-vimana" with more engines, and other types named after the kingfisher, ibis and other animals.

Unfortunately, Vimanas, like most scientific discoveries, were ultimately used for war. Atlanteans used their flying machines, "Vailixi," a similar type of aircraft, to literally try and subjugate the world, it would seem, if Indian texts are to be believed. The Atlanteans, known as "Asvins" in the Indian writings, were apparently even more advanced technologically than the Indians, and certainly of a more war-like temperment. Although no ancient texts on Atlantean Vailixi are known to exist, some information has come down through esoteric, "occult" sources which describe their flying machines. Similar, if not identical to Vimanas, Vailixi were generally "cigar shaped" and had the capability of manuvering underwater as well as in the atmosphere or even outer space. Other vehicles, like Vimanas, were saucer shaped, and could apparently also be submerged.

According to Eklal Kueshana, author of "The Ultimate Frontier," in an article he wrote in 1966, Vailixi were first developed in Atlantis 20,000 years ago, and the most common ones are "saucershaped of generally trapezoidal cross-section with three hemispherical engine pods on the underside." "They use a mechanical antigravity device driven by engines developing approximately 80,000 horse power." The Ramayana, Mahabarata and other texts speak of the hideous war that took place, some ten or twelve thousand years ago between Atlantis and Rama using weapons of destruction that could not be imagined by readers until the second half of this century. The ancient Mahabharata, one of the sources on Vimanas, goes on to tell the awesome destructiveness of the war: "...(the weapon was) a single projectile charged with all the power of the Universe.

"ANCIENT VIMANA AIRCRAFT" - a Contribution by John Burrows Sanskrit texts are filled with references to gods who fought battles in the sky using Vimanas equipped with weapons as deadly as any we can deploy in these more enlightened times. For example, there is a passage in the Ramayana which reads: "The Puspaka car that resembles the Sun and belongs to my brother was brought by the powerful Ravan; that aerial and excellent car going everywhere at will .... that car resembling a bright cloud in the sky." ".. and the King [Rama] got in, and the excellent car at the command of the Raghira, rose up into the higher atmosphere."

In the Mahabharatra, an ancient Indian poem of enormous length, we learn that an individual named Asura Maya had a Vimana measuring twelve cubits in circumference, with four strong wheels. The poem is a veritable gold mine of information relating to conflicts between gods who settled their differences apparently using weapons as lethal as the ones we are capable of deploying. Apart from 'blazing missiles', the poem records the use of other deadly weapons. 'Indra's Dart' operated via a circular 'reflector'. When switched on, it produced a 'shaft of light' which, when focused on any target, immediately 'consumed it with its power'. In one particular exchange, the hero, Krishna, is pursuing his enemy, Salva, in the sky, when Salva's Vimana, the Saubha is made invisible in some way. Undeterred, Krishna immediately fires off a special weapon: 'I quickly laid on an arrow, which killed by seeking out sound'.

Many other terrible weapons are described, quite matter of factly, in the Mahabharata, but the most fearsome of all is the one used against the Vrishis. The narrative records: "Gurkha flying in his swift and powerful Vimana hurled against the three cities of the Vrishis and Andhakas a single projectile charged with all the power of the Universe. An incandescent column of smoke and fire, as brilliant as ten thousands suns, rose in all its splendour. It was the unknown weapon, the Iron Thunderbolt, a gigantic messenger of death which reduced to ashes the entire race of the Vrishnis and Andhakas." It is important to note, that these kinds of records are not isolated. They can be cross-correlated with similiar reports in other ancient civilizations.

The after-affects of this Iron Thunderbolt have an ominously recognizable ring. Apparently, those killed by it were so burnt that their corpses were unidentifiable. The survivors fared little etter, as it caused their hair and nails to fall out. Perhaps the most disturbing and challenging, information about these allegedly mythical Vimanas in the ancient records is that there are some matter-of-fact records, describing how to build one. In their way, the instructions are quite precise. In the Sanskrit Samarangana Sutradhara, it is written: "Strong and durable must the body of the Vimana be made, like a great flying bird of light material. Inside one must put the mercury engine with its iron heating apparatus underneath. By means of the power latent in the mecrcury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion, a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in the sky. The movements of the Vimana are such that it can vertically ascend, vertically descend, move slanting forwards and backwards. With the help of the machines human beings can fly in the air and heavenly beings can come down to earth."

The Hakatha (Laws of the Babylonians) states quite unambiguously: "The privilege of operating a flying machine is great. The knowledge of flight is among the most ancient of our inheritances. A gift from 'those from upon high'. We received it from them as a means of saving many lives." More fantastic still is the information given in the ancient Chaldean work, The Sifrala, which contains over one hundred pages of technical details on building a flying machine. It contains words which translate as graphite rod, copper coils, crystal indicator, vibrating spheres, stable angles, etc.

Ancient Indian Aircraft Technology From The Anti-Gravity Handbook by D. Hatcher Childress Many researchers into the UFO enigma tend to overlook a very important fact. While it assumed that most flying saucers are of alien, or perhaps Governmental Military origin, another possible origin of UFOs is ancient India and Atlantis. What we know about ancient Indian flying vehicles comes from ancient Indian sources; written texts that have come down to us through the centuries. There is no doubt that most of these texts are authentic; many are the well known ancient Indian Epics themselves, and there are literally hundreds of them. Most of them have not even been translated into English yet from the old sanskrit.

Sri Jagadguru Adi Shankaracharya

Ancient Indians Mathematics & Number System

• Finite Difference Interpolation:                                                                                                 The Indian mathematician Brahmagupta presented what is possibly the first instance of finite difference interpolation around 665 CE.
• Algebraic abbreviations:                                                                                                      The mathematician Brahmagupta had begun using abbreviations for unknowns by the 7th century. He employed abbreviations for multiple unknowns occurring in one complex problem.^] Brahmagupta also used abbreviations for square roots and cube roots.
• Basu's theorem:                                                                                                                    The Basu's theorem, a result of Debabrata Basu (1955) states that any complete sufficient statistic is independent of any ancillary statistic.

Number System	Numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Gurmukhi	o	੧	੨	੩	੪	੫	੬	੭	੮	੯
Oriya	୦	୧	୨	୩	୪	୫	୬	୭	୮	୯
Bengali	০	১	২	৩	৪	৫	৬	৭	৮	৯
Devanagari	०	१	२	३	४	५	६	७	८	९
Gujarati	૦	૧	૨	૩	૪	૫	૬	૭	૮	૯
Tibetan	༠	༡	༢	༣	༤	༥	༦	༧	༨	༩
Brahmi
Telugu	౦	౧	౨	౩	౪	౫	౬	౭	౮	౯
Kannada	೦	೧	೨	೩	೪	೫	೬	೭	೮	೯
Malayalam	൦	൧	൨	൩	൪	൫	൬	൭	൮	൯
Tamil	೦	௧	௨	௩	௪	௫	௬	௭	௮	௯
Burmese	၀	၁	၂	၃	၄	၅	၆	၇	၈	၉
Khmer	០	១	២	៣	៤	៥	៦	៧	៨	៩
Thai	๐	๑	๒	๓	๔	๕	๖	๗	๘	๙
Lao	໐	໑	໒	໓	໔	໕	໖	໗	໘	໙
Balinese	᭐	᭑	᭒	᭓	᭔	᭕	᭖	᭗	᭘	᭙
Javanese	꧐	꧑	꧒	꧓	꧔	꧕	꧖	꧗	꧘	꧙

The half-chord version of the sine function was developed by the Indian mathematician Aryabhatta.

Brahmagupta's theorem (598–668) states that AF = FD.

• Brahmagupta–Fibonacci identity, Brahmagupta formula, Brahmagupta matrix, and Brahmagupta theorem:                                                                                             Discovered by the Indian mathematician, Brahmagupta (598–668 CE)
• Chakravala method:                                                                                                             The Chakravala method, a cyclic algorithm to solve indeterminate quadratic equations is commonly attributed to Bhāskara II, (c. 1114 – 1185 CE) although some attribute it to Jayadeva (c. 950~1000 CE). Jayadeva pointed out that Brahmagupta’s approach to solving equations of this type would yield infinitely large number of solutions, to which he then described a general method of solving such equations. Jayadeva's method was later refined by Bhāskara II in his Bijaganita treatise to be known as the Chakravala method, chakra (derived from cakraṃ चक्रं) meaning 'wheel' in Sanskrit, relevant to the cyclic nature of the algorithm. With reference to the Chakravala method, E. O. Selenuis held that no European performances at the time of Bhāskara, nor much later, came up to its marvellous height of mathematical complexity.
• Hindu number system:                                                                                                           With decimal place-value and a symbol for zero, this system was the ancestor of the widely used Arabic numeral system. It was developed in the Indian subcontinent between the 1st and 6th centuries CE.
• Fibonacci numbers:                                                                                                                       This sequence was first described by Virahanka (c. 700 AD), Gopāla (c. 1135), and Hemachandra (c. 1150), as an outgrowth of the earlier writings on Sanskrit prosody by Pingala (c. 200 BC).
• Zero,                                                                                                                                           symbol: Indians were the first to use the zero as a symbol and in arithmetic operations, although Babylonians used zero to signify the 'absent'. In those earlier times a blank space was used to denote zero, later when it created confusion a dot was used to denote zero (could be found in Bakhshali manuscript). In 500 AD circa Aryabhata again gave a new symbol for zero (0).
• Law of signs in multiplication:                                                                                           The earliest use of notation for negative numbers, as subtrahend, is credited by scholars to the Chinese, dating back to the 2nd century BC. Like the Chinese, the Indians used negative numbers as subtrahend, but were the first to establish the "law of signs" with regards to the multiplication of positive and negative numbers, which did not appear in Chinese texts until 1299. Indian mathematicians were aware of negative numbers by the 7th century, and their role in mathematical problems of debt was understood. Mostly consistent and correct rules for working with negative numbers were formulated, and the diffusion of these rules led the Arab intermediaries to pass it on to Europe.
• Madhava series:                                                                                                                     The infinite series for π and for the trigonometric sine, cosine, and arctangent is now attributed to Madhava of Sangamagrama (c. 1340 – 1425) and his Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He made use of the series expansion of to obtain an infinite series expression for π.^[128] Their rational approximation of the error for the finite sum of their series are of particular interest. They manipulated the error term to derive a faster converging series for π. They used the improved series to derive a rational expression,^[130] for π correct up to eleven decimal places, i.e. . Madhava of Sangamagrama and his successors at the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics used geometric methods to derive large sum approximations for sine, cosin, and arttangent. They found a number of special cases of series later derived by Brook Taylor series. They also found the second-order Taylor approximations for these functions, and the third-order Taylor approximation for sine.
• Pascal's triangle:                                                                                                                 Described in the 6th century CE by Varahamihira and in the 10th century by Halayudha, commenting on an obscure reference by Pingala (the author of an earlier work on prosody) to the "Meru-prastaara", or the "Staircase of Mount Meru", in relation to binomial coefficients. (It was also independently discovered in the 10th or 11th century in Persia and China.)
• Pell's equation, integral solution for:                                                                            About a thousand years before Pell's time, Indian scholar Brahmagupta (598–668 CE) was able to find integral solutions to vargaprakṛiti (Pell's equation): where N is a nonsquare integer, in his Brâhma-sphuṭa-siddhânta treatise.
• Ramanujan theta function, Ramanujan prime, Ramanujan summation, Ramanujan graph and Ramanujan's sum:                                                                   Discovered by the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan in the early 20th century.
• Shrikhande graph:                                                                                                             Graph invented by the Indian mathematician S.S. Shrikhande in 1959.
• Sign convention:                                                                                                                     Symbols, signs and mathematical notation were employed in an early form in India by the 6th century when the mathematician-astronomer Aryabhata recommended the use of letters to represent unknown quantities. By the 7th century Brahmagupta had already begun using abbreviations for unknowns, even for multiple unknowns occurring in one complex problem. Brahmagupta also managed to use abbreviations for square roots and cube roots. By the 7th century fractions were written in a manner similar to the modern times, except for the bar separating the numerator and the denominator. A dot symbol for negative numbers was also employed. The Bakhshali Manuscript displays a cross, much like the modern '+' sign, except that it symbolized subtraction when written just after the number affected. The '=' sign for equality did not exist. Indian mathematics was transmitted to the Islamic world where this notation was seldom accepted initially and the scribes continued to write mathematics in full and without symbols.
• Trigonometric functions (adapted from Greek):                                                               The trigonometric functions sine and versine originated in Indian astronomy, adapted from the full-chord Greek versions (to the modern half-chord versions). They were described in detail by Aryabhata in the late 5th century, but were likely developed earlier in the Siddhantas, astronomical treatises of the 3rd or 4th century. Later, the 6th-century astronomer Varahamihira discovered a few basic trigonometric formulas and identities, such as sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1.